In military parlance, if A plans an operation he would not try to hide his plan, but would make sure that B assumes this particular plan is being advertised because it will not be implemented. The German deception plan of 1941 that preceded the attack on the Soviet Union was planned as a single deception but actually worked as a double deception.
3. The Six-Day War in the Middle East has made the concept better known.
4. One clear example of this kind of surprise was the Fall of France in 1940. Not only did the Germans attack in a place thought totally unsuitable for armor, but they used their armor in unexpected ways, driving deep into the French interior without waiting for the infantry to catch up. They also used their aircraft as long range artillery to neutralize the French artillery which had been placed so as to be out of range of German artillery but able to bombard any attempted river crossing. Once the river was crossed, the French artillery could be engaged by German infantry and light armor.
German armor then penetrated deep into the French interior.
The result was the the Germans operated inside the French decision cycle: by the time French headquarters had considered the situation and issued orders, their information about the front was obsolete.
Strategic defenses make strategic offense weapons obsolete. No one in his right mind believes that strategic defenses can form an ‘impenetrable shield’ against a modern technological power like the USSR; thus they are not an incentive to a first strike. This point has been made repeatedly in our advocacy of a policy of "Assured Survival" as opposed to the official US Policy of "Assured Destruction", and appears to be taking hold in some part of the armed services, but not in the State Department.